ORACLE 19c RAC
INSTALLATION GUIDE
With Real Installation Screenshots
Grid Infrastructure
• ASM Disk •
DNS/SCAN • Oracle Database
1. GRID INFRASTRUCTURE INSTALLATION
Steps
1–5: OS Installation, Network, Firewall & Oracle Pre-install
|
S.NO |
STEPS / COMMANDS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
1 |
OEL 7.9 Installation |
Install Oracle Enterprise
Linux 7.9 on Node1 and Node2. |
|
2 |
Configure: PUBLIC / PRIVATE / INTERNET |
Set up three NICs: Public
(SSH), Private (RAC interconnect), Internet. |
|
3 |
systemctl stop firewalld systemctl disable firewalld |
Disable firewall permanently
on both nodes. |
|
4 |
yum install -y
oracle-database-preinstall-19c |
Installs Oracle user, sets
kernel params, installs dependency packages. |
|
5 |
passwd oracle |
Set password for oracle OS
user. |
Figure: Steps 4–5:
oracle-database-preinstall-19c installation & oracle password setup
Steps
6–12: ASM Packages, Groups & Users
|
S.NO |
STEPS / COMMANDS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
6 |
yum install -y oracleasm-support rpm -qa | grep oracleasm-support |
oracleasm-support: tools to
configure/manage ASM devices and init scripts. |
|
7 |
yum install -y kmod-oracleasm |
Kernel module for Oracle
ASM. Provides oracleasm configure/init/scandisks. |
|
8 |
groupadd asmadmin |
ASM admin group: SYSASM,
start/stop ASM, create/drop disk groups. |
|
9 |
groupadd asmdba |
ASM DBA group: database
instances access ASM disks. |
|
10 |
useradd -u 54323 -g oinstall -G
asmadmin,asmdba grid |
Create GRID user with UID
54323 for cluster-wide consistency. |
|
11 |
getent group asmadmin # asmadmin:x:54331:grid |
Verify groups created and
grid user is a member. |
|
12 |
passwd grid |
Set password for GRID OS
user. |
Figure: Steps 8–12: Creating asmadmin/asmdba groups, grid user, oracle user group assignments
Steps
13–19: User Permissions, Directories, .bash_profile & ASMLib
|
S.NO |
STEPS / COMMANDS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
13 |
usermod -a -G asmdba oracle usermod -G
backupdba,dba,oinstall,racdba,kmdba,dgdba,oper oracle |
Add oracle to all required
OS groups for full DBA privileges. |
|
14 |
mkdir -p
/u01/app/oracle/product/19C/dbhome chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01 chmod -R 775 /u01 mkdir -p
/u02/app/grid/product/19C/dbhome chown -R grid:oinstall /u02 chmod -R 775 /u02 |
Create ORACLE_HOME &
GRID_HOME, set ownership and 775 permissions. |
|
16 |
# GRID .bash_profile: export ORACLE_BASE=/u02/app/gridbase export
ORACLE_HOME=/u02/app/grid/product/19C/dbhome export ORACLE_SID=+ASM1 source .bash_profile |
Grid user env: ORACLE_HOME →
Grid home, SID → +ASM1 (ASM instance). |
|
17 |
# ORACLE .bash_profile: export
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oraclebase/ export
ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/19C/dbhome export ORACLE_SID=prim1 source .bash_profile |
Oracle user env: ORACLE_HOME
→ DB home, SID → prim1. |
|
18 |
oracleasm configure -I # User: grid | Group: oinstall # Start on boot: y | Scan on boot: y |
Configure ASMLib driver
owner, group and boot settings. |
|
19 |
/usr/sbin/oracleasm init # Mounts /dev/oracleasm filesystem |
Initialize and mount Oracle
ASMLib driver filesystem. |
2. ASM DISK CONFIGURATION
|
S.NO |
STEPS / COMMANDS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
20 |
SHUT DOWN NODE1 & NODE2 |
Power off both VMs before
adding shared disks. |
|
21 |
VirtualBox > File > Virtual
Media Manager > SHAREABLE |
Mark each data disk as
Shareable so both nodes can attach it. |
|
22 |
fdisk -l # sda:100G sdb:10G sdc:10G sdd:10G # sde:5G sdf:5G
sdg:5G |
List disks to confirm 6
shared disks are visible. |
|
23 |
fdisk /dev/sdb → n → p → [Enter]×3 → w # Repeat for sdc, sdd, sde, sdf, sdg |
Create one primary partition
on each data disk. |
|
24 |
oracleasm createdisk DISK1 /dev/sdb1 oracleasm createdisk DISK2 /dev/sdc1 ... (DISK3–DISK6) oracleasm listdisks # shows DISK1–DISK6 |
Label each partition as an
ASM disk. |
|
25 |
cd /dev/oracleasm/disks/ && ll # brw-rw---- 1 grid oinstall DISK1–6 |
Verify ASM disk ownership
under /dev/oracleasm/disks/. |
|
26 |
POWEROFF NODE1 > ATTACH DISKS TO
NODE2 > START NODE2 |
Attach Node1 shared disks to
Node2 in VirtualBox. |
|
27 |
oracleasm listdisks # on node2 # If missing: oracleasm scandisks |
Verify all 6 ASM disks
visible on Node2. |
Figure: Steps 18–24: ASMLib
configure/init, createdisk and listdisks output
3. DNS & SCAN CONFIGURATION
|
S.NO |
STEPS / COMMANDS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
28 |
vi /etc/hosts # on BOTH nodes # Public: 192.168.56.71/72 # Private: 192.168.10.1/2 # VIP: 192.168.56.81/82 # SCAN: 192.168.56.91/92/93 |
Configure /etc/hosts with
all 4 IP types on both nodes. |
|
29 |
yum install dnsmasq chkconfig dnsmasq on vi /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 127.0.0.1
search homelab.org
nameserver 8.8.8.8 |
Install dnsmasq and set
nameserver to localhost so SCAN IPs resolve. |
|
30 |
vi /etc/scanipaddress 192.168.56.91/92/93 node-scan.homelab.org |
Document all 3 SCAN IPs. |
|
31 |
vi /etc/dnsmasq.conf address=/node-scan.homelab.org/192.168.56.91 address=/node-scan.homelab.org/192.168.56.92 address=/node-scan.homelab.org/192.168.56.93 |
Configure dnsmasq to resolve
SCAN to all 3 IPs. |
|
32 |
chattr +i /etc/resolv.conf |
Lock resolv.conf against
accidental DHCP overwrite. |
|
33 |
service dnsmasq restart |
Restart dnsmasq to apply
configuration. |
|
34 |
reboot |
Reboot both nodes to apply
all changes. |
|
35 |
nslookup node-scan # Returns: 192.168.56.91/92/93 |
Verify SCAN resolution
returns all 3 IPs. |
Figure: Steps 28–35: /etc/hosts configuration and nslookup SCAN verification
4. GRID SOFTWARE & CLUSTER SETUP
|
S.NO |
STEPS / COMMANDS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
36 |
ip addr show | grep inet ip link set enp0s9 up |
Verify all 3 network
interfaces are UP on both nodes. |
|
37 |
unzip LINUX.X64_193000_grid_home.zip
-d $ORACLE_HOME |
Upload and unzip Grid
Infrastructure software as grid user. |
|
38 |
export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OL8 |
Bypass OEL7/OL8
compatibility check. |
|
39 |
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
PermitRootLogin yes
UseDNS no |
Enable root SSH login and
disable DNS lookup for SSH. |
|
40 |
./sshUserSetup.sh -user grid -hosts
"node1 node2"
-noPromptPassphrase -confirm -advance |
Set up passwordless SSH for
grid user between both nodes. |
|
41 |
./runcluvfy.sh stage -pre crsinst
-n node1,node2 -verbose |
Run Cluster Verification
Utility – must pass all checks. |
|
42 |
# SSH error workaround: mv /usr/bin/scp /usr/bin/scp.orig echo '/usr/bin/scp.orig -T $*' >
/usr/bin/scp chmod 755 /usr/bin/scp |
Fix for scp protocol errors
during installation. |
|
43 |
rpm -ivh cvuqdisk-1.0.10-1.rpm # node1 scp cvuqdisk... root@node2:/tmp rpm -ivh cvuqdisk... # node2 |
Install cvuqdisk on BOTH
nodes. |
|
44 |
systemctl status chronyd systemctl enable chronyd systemctl start chronyd |
Ensure time sync
(chrony/NTP) running on both nodes. |
|
45 |
export CV_ASSUME_DISTID=OL8 |
Re-export before launching
gridSetup. |
|
46 |
cd $ORACLE_HOME ./gridSetup.sh |
Launch Grid Infrastructure
installer GUI. |
Figure: Steps 40–41: Passwordless SSH
setup for grid user and cluvfy pre-check passing
Grid
Infrastructure Installer Wizard (./gridSetup.sh)
Figure: gridSetup.sh Step 1: Select 'Configure Oracle Grid Infrastructure for a New Cluster'
Figure: gridSetup.sh Step 2: Select 'Configure an Oracle Standalone Cluster'
Figure: gridSetup.sh Step 3: Cluster Name 'homelab-cluster' and SCAN name 'node-scan.homelab.org'
Figure: gridSetup.sh Step 7: ASM Disk Group 'DATA' – select DISK1, DISK2, DISK3
Running
root.sh after Grid Installation
Figure: Step 46 (post): Running
orainstRoot.sh and root.sh as root on Node1 – Clusterware stack started
5. ORACLE DATABASE INSTALLATION
|
S.NO |
STEPS / COMMANDS |
DESCRIPTION |
|
47 |
unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d
$ORACLE_HOME |
Upload Oracle 19c Database
software and unzip to ORACLE_HOME. |
|
48 |
./sshUserSetup.sh -user oracle -hosts
"node1 node2"
-noPromptPassphrase -confirm -advance |
Set up passwordless SSH for
oracle user between both nodes. |
|
49 |
./runInstaller |
Launch Oracle Database
installer GUI. Select RAC, use ASM storage. |
|
50 |
dbca |
Create RAC database using
DBCA wizard. Set SID prefix, passwords, character set. |
Figure: Steps 47–49: Oracle DB software
unzip, SSH setup and runInstaller with root.sh
Figure: Step 50: DBCA – Creating Oracle
19c RAC database (prim1/prim2) on ASM storage
TROUBLESHOOTING: SSH CONNECTION ISSUES
|
Recreate id_rsa Key Pair cd ~/.ssh ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
grid@node1 ssh -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa grid@node1 |
Fix Permissions chmod 600 ~/.ssh/id_rsa chmod 700 ~/.ssh chmod 600 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys |
|
Backup & Clean Old Keys cp ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
~/.ssh/authorized_keys.bak > ~/.ssh/authorized_keys |
Verify & Test SSH ssh node1 date ssh node2 date ssh -o BatchMode=yes grid@node2 echo
'SSH OK' |
|
Copy Fresh Keys from BOTH Nodes (grid user) On node1: ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
grid@node1 ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
grid@node2 On
node2: ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
grid@node1 ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
grid@node2 |
|
